Mapping Heat-Health Vulnerability Based on Remote Sensing: A Case Study in Karachi

As a result of global climate change, the frequency and intensity heat waves have increased significantly. According to World Meteorological Organization (WMO), extreme temperatures in southwestern Pakistan exceeded 54 °C successive years. The identification assessment heat-health vulnerability (HHV) are important for controlling heat-related diseases mortality. At present, many definitions. To better describe wave mortality risk, we redefine by regarding most frequent temperature (MFT) as minimum threshold HHV first time. In addition, different indicators that serve relevant evaluation factors exposure, sensitivity adaptability selected conduct kilometre-level assessment. hesitant analytic hierarchy process (H-AHP) method is used evaluate each index weight. Finally, incorporate weights into data layers establish final model. study area divided five levels, high, middle-high, medium, middle-low low, with proportions 3.06%, 46.55%, 41.85%, 8.53% 0%, respectively. Health facilities urbanization were found provide advantages reduction. Our improved resolution spatial heterogeneity HHV, which provided reference more detailed model construction. It can help local government formulate targeted control measures reduce morbidity during waves.